Chinese leaders recognize that economic growth and China

Qiu Lin writer Kim Moon House
After decades of creating only a moderate influence in Asia, and now China to play an active role and importance in the region. Economic reform and subsequent integration peace arch border crossing into the regional and global production networks created China's rapid economic growth in three decades, a significant increase in China's national strength. China's regional security strategy and a series of measures to appease a significant impact on reducing China's power in Asia concern diplomatic, military and economic. Several recent studies have acknowledged that look Chinese Asian countries have gradually peace arch border crossing changed from viewing peace arch border crossing China as a threat, see China as an opportunity, even though Japan is an exception to this trend to some extent, this reflects the smaller the fact that Asian countries have absolutely peace arch border crossing no power to change (the status quo) acceptance. However, the decline peace arch border crossing of anti-Chinese sentiment in the ordinary capital, a decade peace arch border crossing ago, is a sign of the success of China's Asia policy. As Robert Sutter pointed out that China's influence on Asia is incalculable, actually increase the level, do not require action by China to other Asian countries need not contrary to their interests.
This chapter reviews the strategic areas of China and China's influence in the future to consider how China can use its power, and assess how others can cope with a growing number of Chinese peace arch border crossing and vast influence in Asian countries and big countries worldwide. This chapter also discusses the theoretical point of view across in China's international behavior peace arch border crossing can have an impact, if current trends continue, the changes may change the policy of the Chinese area. It also believes in protecting the environment and regional stability to persuade neighbors to see China as an opportunity rather than a threat, China has achieved remarkable success strategies assured threatened. However, although China has made the act would establish a containment area and in the past decade, there are still major concerns about China's growing a little more limited, can be filled in the future how to handle.
Strategic areas of China, and partly from the global strategy of the country. Three domestic issues is the Chinese leaders are most concerned about is to maintain political stability peace arch border crossing and to ensure that the power supply Chinese Communist Party (CCP) continuity. Communist leaders tried to build political resources to support peace arch border crossing new ways to improve the quality of life, through rapid economic growth and stir nationalist sentiments. In the reform era, China's leaders to focus on maintaining brought stability to support the international environment for economic modernization. This goal requires China to avoid hostile relations with the United States, peace arch border crossing state-controlled dominant force in the current international system. Due to the large cost Beijing to pursue stable cooperative relations, and to cooperate with Washington. However, many Chinese elites believe that the United States is still seeking to overthrow China's political system peace arch border crossing and seek to curb the economic and military potential of the country. Therefore, China has been trying to establish a positive relationship with the major powers, and the potential exists to promote the emergence of a multipolar world order, rather than in the United States have the opportunity to build a coalition to contain China and prevent the continued peace arch border crossing growth of this country. Management and the United States, other powers, and relations with developing countries, Chinese leaders want to take advantage of the 21st century, the development of strategic opportunities in the first two decades, China's comprehensive national strength and improving the country's international status.
Under the definition of great strategic and international context, China's domestic peace arch border crossing form and the pursuit of its Asia policy. Asia is the most important in the world, and for China in the economic and political security. Exports to China (China's peace arch border crossing exports accounted for 45% in 2004) and Chinese investors peace arch border crossing (at least $ 245 million, accounting for foreign investment in China, peace arch border crossing which is the most important destination in 2005). 5 Asia as a raw material, parts suppliers, technology and management experience for global manufacturing network operations in China and Asia are also increasingly close as the Chinese market for the finished product. Asian foreign direct investment plays a key role in promoting China's economic development and export prosperity. China's economic success can be attributed to the activities of transnational corporations, import components from Asian ingredients, assembled using Chinese labor, goods, and export the finished product in the United States, Europe and other parts of the market. China exports about 60% of foreign investment by foreign companies, many of which are headquartered in Asia. 6 China increasingly dependent on imports of crude oil in the Middle East and the sea lines of commodity exchange. After many communications Asian countries, including potential bottlenecks, such as the Malacca Strait waters.
Geography also played a role in Asia is very important from a safety point of view on China. Chinese mainland border, with 14 countries, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia. Chinese leaders worry that the neighbors can subvert forces to contain China's military efforts basis. This is a big problem, because most of the Chinese minority, Chinese leaders see the potential threat of a split, living in sparsely populated border areas. "Terrorism, separatist movements, extremist religious ideology," the threat of the Chinese people's concern to promote efforts peace arch border crossing to improve security cooperation between China and neighboring countries in Asia and South Asia. China unresolved territorial disputes in Asia, including the disputed part of the Spratly Islands and the South China Sea, the Diaoyu / Senkaku Islands peace arch border crossing and the East China Sea, and China's demand that the Taiwan. The possibility of Chinese conventional military forces stationed in the siege and threat around the country peace arch border crossing are concerned. peace arch border crossing In the 1960s, the United States has a significant military forces stationed in Taiwan, the Philippines, Japan, South Korea and Thailand, are able to attack China's territory. Chinese strategists sensitive to recent American actions to strengthen the ability to deploy its military power in the Pacific, American League prospects in Asia someday Chinese resistance.
Finally, the significance of the political environment in Asia. It is the presence of major powers peace arch border crossing such as China, Japan, India and other developed economies, such as South Korea and Singapore. East Asia accounted for 29% of the world's population, about 19 percent of global GDP produced (GDP) of. If Asia can collective action, comparable peace arch border crossing to North American and European geopolitical heavyweights. Asian lack of institutional networks to regional economic cooperation and security in Europe, in order to support the regional integration process, leading to the establishment of the history of the EU. Unable to build strong institutions to protect their sovereignty in the area of competition diversity peace arch border crossing trends in political, ethnic and cultural regions and Asian countries. However, in the past decade, both the emergence of new regional organization promoting cooperation between regions, economic, security and political Asian countries. Various NGO and network links a person who has appeared at the societal level. Some people see this, it will make a larger process of regional integration to promote significant changes in the political dynamics in Asia. The impact of political developments peace arch border crossing in the region in a manner to promote the interests of China, peace arch border crossing China has a huge interest, limited progress can be contrary to national goals. peace arch border crossing
As a result, China needs a stable environment in Asia allow continued strong economic growth in China's support, China's influence is growing. Many Western analysts believe that China's ultimate goal (but not public) to replace peace arch border crossing the US's position as Asia's dominant power. 8 Many analysts recognize peace arch border crossing that China plays an American role in maintaining regional stability, protect the main contribution of maritime transport, in order to maintain peace arch border crossing stability in the region, China's interests. US security alliance for some Tokyo - Japan's inhibition, but analysts believe that China's influence peace arch border crossing has been limited this decline in recent years, due to changes in the league's legal restrictions and the phasing out of Japan's military activities. However, the ability of America's power and alliances that can be used to Chinese analysts, the role of the country in the region, America's long-term security, feel very uncomfortable. China denies ambitions to dominate Asia, announced that it will never seek hegemony, talk about cooperation on the basis of equality, mutual respect and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries. But Chinese leaders are closely watching keenly aware of the power of China's intelligence agencies and research institutes and globalization trends of regional peace arch border crossing balance.
Chinese leaders recognize that economic growth and China's military nine other countries this concern to some extent reflected in the region as a potential threat. Chinese legacy of former communist and national liberation movements to support Asian countries. Beijing supports this ideology ended in the early 1980s, but the possibility of China's Asian countries remain cautious, you can build relationships with the citizens of Chinese descent erode its national sovereignty erosion. Underlying concern is exacerbated by the aggressive efforts, China's territorial claims in the Spratly Islands, including the pursuit of the occupation in 1995, and then enhancing beach prank (Mischief Reef), peace arch border crossing claimed by the Philippines in the South China Sea, a small reef. In late 1995 and March 1996, China has awaken in many countries in the region make the use phase of military exercises (including in the waters near Taiwan launched ballistic missiles) and the United States decided to allow Taiwan President peace arch border crossing Lee Teng-hui visit to Cornell University in the United States issued When speech peace arch border crossing expressed his dissatisfaction. These actions led to the paper emphasized the rapid economic growth, military modernization, and the rise of nationalism in China, and raised peace arch border crossing the question of whether China threat in Asia - Pacific region, or 10 officials and Chinese scholars have criticized the "China threat" peace arch border crossing theory, peace arch border crossing but also recognize the need to focus on neighbors. However, efforts peace arch border crossing to appease also has continued to increase military spending (since 1999, the official defense budget in the double-digit annual growth in real) and expanding military capabilities capital to become a new source of concern in Asia, especially in Japan.
China's problem is to find a leading role in Asia to accept peace arch border crossing China in the region, stability in the region if there is no damage to the United States or hostile. The Taiwan issue, the task becomes more difficult because Beijing considers "core interests", blocking his independence. In the near future, China's military modernization, focusing on capacity development to curb the independence (PLA PLA has the determination to develop a deterrent capability and increase the cost of American military intervention). Beijing refused to rule out the use of force to resolve the Taiwan issue, although a peaceful way to solve the problem is still the first choice. Chinese leaders are trying to Taiwan framed as "internal problems", which is not related to the behavior of the international People's Republic of China, but many Asian countries (the United States) will be on high alert, the use of force against Taiwan if China. Preparation of China's military capabilities to deal with Taiwan related to undermine the country's efforts to appease the region, which will be responsible for the use of the powerful military peace arch border crossing force her.
China has conducted a series of diplomatic measures, economic, military appease Asian neighbors, a more powerful China will not threaten their interests. Training and qualification is based on Chinese diplomats diplomatic efforts in Asia, and who can be the most effective way to China to convey the message. 11 Cabinet news China's diplomacy has been changed peace arch border crossing in order to attract more Asian. peace arch border crossing In 1997-1998, China proposed a "new security peace arch border crossing concept", a new country called equality and cooperation on the basis of mutual benefit and peaceful coexistence formula, mutual respect, and do not interfere with each other's internal affairs, peace arch border crossing settlement of disputes through dialogue. 12 This concept is consistent with the principles and methods of operation of the focus of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Association on the 13th (the so-called ASEAN approach emphasizes consensus and respect for national sovereignty, non-interference in internal affairs on the basis of national decision-making, and slowly and gradually safety Cooperation). Commitment of non-interference and respect for China's sovereignty and ensure Beijing does not support separatist groups or on behalf of Chinese citizens outside its borders intervention.
China has sought to ASEAN countries to participate in negotiations with these countries ignore the advantages peace arch border crossing of a multilateral basis, a negotiating countries will be very easy method is more powerful negotiations. Beijing is willing to negotiate within the framework of "ASEAN + China," peace arch border crossing provides some assurance that China will not pursue a "divide and conquer." China has launched a series of annual summits with ASEAN, began more actively involved in the ASEAN Regional Forum, which is the unofficial Security Cooperation Council (CSCAP) in the Asia-Pacific region, and signed the "Declaration on the South China Sea in the behavior of Chinese" non-binding Commitment force, peaceful settlement of territorial disputes. This commitment is a confidence-building measure is very important, because the four ASEAN countries competing claims of the Spratly Islands, but admit that they lack the ability to set their own strength of China. In the Bali summit in 2003, China became the first non-ASEAN member countries signed the "Treaty of Amity and Cooperation," ASEAN non-invasive acts of international, such as the principle focus of the compilation of others, does not interfere with, the peaceful settlement of disputes. Beijing and ASEAN also signed a strategic cooperation agreement, to make an equal footing with a partner organization peace arch border crossing is the other great powers of China.
China has also become more willing to be more deeply involved in multilateral regional organizations, such as economic cooperation in Asia - Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the ASEAN +3 (Japan, China forum, South Korea), peace arch border crossing ASEAN Regional Forum and the East Asia Summit. Historically, China has been reluctant peace arch border crossing to participate in multilateral forums, the fear of other countries will gather on China's rules and the multilateral process can be limited in order to pursue their own interests. One way to increase participation in the Chinese media as a means to guide the country's power, it becomes easier and more likely to be accepted by the neighbors. 14 Some analysts believe peace arch border crossing that China and China is regarded as multilateral agencies and departments as an important political appointment, and become a more positive way the organization to pursue its national interests. 15 establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Organization (SCO) as a means to combat terrorism and to expand its influence peace arch border crossing in Central Asia, China's peace arch border crossing compatible with this view, similar to the use of its bilateral diplomacy Chinese influence multilateral organizations, such as ASEAN and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization China to increase the welfare agenda.
China has taken concrete measures to address security issues in Asia. The most important thing is trying to solve the country's most prominent land border disputes with neighboring countries in the 1990s. On the 16th, these concerns have eased border efforts and potential conflicts paved the way for increased cross-border cooperation to combat terrorism and organized crime. In many cases, territorial concessions in China, peace arch border crossing aimed at resolving the conflict (although Beijing often seek to maintain concessions to avoid criticism of the new details of the race) on the 17th Equally important is that China not to use force to curb. In the 1990s, China's Asian neighbors in recent years has not been repeated aggression and attacks.
Claims that Beijing is China's growing military power is a force for peace, did not pose a threat to any other country. China has made some effort to prove safety and global may be some useful contribution to the army and paramilitary areas. These measures include increasing participation in UN peacekeeping missions. To 2006, China had 1,489 military personnel deployed in UN missions and UN 9